Journal Transnational Universal Studies

The Influence of Green Human Resource Management on Green Performance Through Green Work Climate, Green Work Engagement and Green Employee Behavior at PT Super Andalas Steel (SAS) Medan

Yoshe Stephanie — 2026-03-02

Environmental conservation has long been a topic of discussion among the public, especially among manufacturing companies. PT. Super Andalas Steel (SAS) in Medan is a manufacturing company that has addressed this issue by achieving ISO 14001 certification through the implementation of green human resource management practices. The purpose of this study is to determine what factors can improve green performance to maintain the company's environmental sustainability. A quantitative research method was employed, with data collected through online questionnaires distributed to PT. SAS employees from each department, as well as short interviews with related personnel. The data obtained were processed using SmartPLS 4 software to analyze the research results. The results of the study indicate that all variables in the research model are valid and reliable; however, there is one variable that is not significant, namely green recruitment on green work engagement, and the variable that most influences green performance is green employee behavior through green work climate, which is triggered by green rewards. Based on these results, managerial implications and several recommendations are obtained for PT. SAS to consistently build and maintain a culture of environmental sustainability and improve green performance.

Examining Corporate Criminal Liability After Law Number 1 of 2023 on the Criminal Code in Indonesia

Hasnu Hasnu — 2026-02-27

The reform of the national criminal law through Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code (KUHP) has brought fundamental changes to the concept of corporate criminal responsibility. The new Criminal Code explicitly recognizes corporations as the subject of criminal law. This seems to shift the classic paradigm of "societas delinquere non potest". This research aims to analyze the normative construction related to corporate criminal liability after the enactment of the 2023 Criminal Code, including the recognition of corporations as criminal subjects, elements of offense, the relationship between management accountability and corporations, forms of criminal sanctions, and their harmonization with sectoral laws. The research method used is normative juridical with legislative, conceptual, and comparative approaches. The results of the study show that the 2023 Criminal Code develops a systemic corporate accountability model through a corporate policy approach and prevention failures. Nevertheless, its implementation still faces challenges in the aspects of proving corporate "mens rea", law enforcement culture, and synchronization of norms between legal regimes. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen technical regulations, judicial guidelines, and increase the capacity of law enforcement officials so that corporate criminalization runs effectively and fairly.

Analysis of Workforce Competency and Certification on Success in Construction Projects in Bali Province

Ni Komang Dita Styaningrum — 2026-03-03

Construction project success is strongly influenced by workforce competency, which can be demonstrated through certification. Despite regulatory requirements in Bali Province mandating certified competent labor for both large- and small-scale projects, limited research has examined the effect of workforce competency on project success when moderated by certification and grouped by project scale in Bali. This research aims to analyze the effect of construction workforce competency on construction project success and to examine this relationship when moderated by construction workforce certification. This study employs a quantitative approach with primary data collected through questionnaires distributed to 70 certified construction workers using purposive sampling, divided equally into large-scale and small-scale project groups. Data analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling based on Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). The results indicate that, overall, construction workforce competency has a positive and significant effect on construction project success, with a t-statistic value of 3.834 and a p-value of 0.000. Based on the Multigroup Analysis (MGA), construction workforce competency continues to significantly influence construction project success in each group. There is no significant difference in the effect of workforce competency on construction project success between small-scale and large-scale construction projects, as indicated by a path coefficient difference of 0.166 and a p-value greater than 0.05 (0.283 > 0.05). Certification positively moderates the competency–success relationship (p = 0.013), with no significant difference in moderating effect between project scales (p = 0.452 > 0.05).